These documents may include government publications, photographs, newspapers, diaries, stamps, directories, handbills, maps, paintings, recordings, tapes, and computer files, etc. This approach requires good comprehension and selection of the written word. In one sense, documentary research becomes synonymous with archival research and addresses issues related to the role and use of documents and public and private records. Explores associations and patterns that involve temporal rhythms and spatial juxtapositions. Documentary collection is a method of trade finance in which an exporters bank acts to collect payment for shipped goods, forwarding the necessary documents to the importers bank. According to websters dictionary, documentary consists of written down documents. The poetic modeas we saw in chapter 4, poetic documentary shares a common terrain with the modernist avantgarde. These types of documents are found in libraries, newspaper archives, historical. For each approach, i pose a definition, briefly trace its history, explore types of studies, introduce procedures involved in conducting a study, and indicate poten.
As nichols explains, the notion of documentary changes in space and time. There are various types of letter of credit lc prevails in the trade transactions. Observational documentary participatory documentary. Types and styles of documentaries the expository directly address issues in the historical world overly didactic the observational observes things as they happen lack of history, context the participatory interview or interact with subjects excessive faith in witnesses naive history too intrusive documentary modes. We suggest you start with introduction to documentary, the classic text from bill nichols that outlines the six modes or subgenres of documentaries. In 1991, american film critic and theoretician bill nichols proposed that there were six different modes of documentarypoetic, expository. This tutorial was made in college for my college course.
Types and styles of documentaries origins john grierson, a key figure in the british documentary school, is thought to have been the first to use the term to describe a film by robert flaherty in 1926, which he described as having documentary value. As we saw in chapter 4, poetic documentary shares a common terrain. Documentary engages with the world by representing it. Types and styles of documentaries in 1948, the world union of documentary established the following definition of a documentary. While nichols discussion of modes does progress chronologically with the order of their appearance in practice, documentary film often returns to themes and devices from previous modes. Institutional sources research organizations, societies, industries, government departments, universities, consultants, etc. May 07, 2015 7 ways to maximize your documentary s distribution. These documents may include government publications, photographs, newspapers, diaries, stamps, directories, handbills, maps.
Documentary research, serving as both a complement to and extension of biographical inquiry, takes on different meanings in the field of education. Types of documentary, will tell you all you need to know about the six types of documentary. Every document converted to or saved as a pdf has the option of being saved as a specific standard. Documentary research is a type of study that uses personal and official documents as a source of information or evidence. Using graphics and charts to engage the views in a visual of. The four types of love from the ancient greek language. Commonsense ideas about documentary prove a useful starting point. For example, a side view of a person driving a car. In 1991, american film critic and theoretician bill nichols proposed that there were six different modes of documentary poetic, expository.
There are 6 different suggested modes of documentary. Many filmmakers write a paperedit after shooting in place of a script. Documentary filmmaker and film theorist posited four different approaches to documentary filmmaking, referred to as modes. Jan 14, 20 there are 6 different suggested modes of documentary. What are the four basic approaches to documentary cinema. Indiana university press, 2010, as summarized by sarah childress, a meridian stories innovator and artist expository mode the primary purpose of the expository mode is to make an argument. The four types of love from the ancient greek language the greeks understood that love is a special and complicated emotion which is quite difficult to understand. Artists, poets and painters all epitomize the heart as the. In 1948, the world union of documentary established the following. There are many types of sources for documentary research. Lets look at the different types, characteristics, and examples of each. The three commonsense assumptions about documentary discussed here, with qualifications, add to our under standing of documentary filmmaking but do not exhaust it. A poetic documentary eschews linear continuity in favor of mood, tone, or the juxtaposition of imagery.
The national intimate partner and sexual violence survey. We see this type of documentary in one of the films we viewed earlier in the semester shored up. In essence, it means taking a systematic approach to understanding and interpreting documents. Documentaries are all methods of recording on celluloid any aspect of reality interpreted either by sincere and justifiable reconstruction, so as to appeal either to reason or emotion, for the purpose of stimulating the desire for, and the widening of human. Social actors rarely become fullyfledged characters. Introduction to documentary, second edition on jstor.
First, documentaries offer us a likeness or depiction of the world that bears a recognizable familiarity. Aug 12, 20 a pdf, portable document format, is the industry standard for sharing and printing documents. This is the model that is most often associated with documentary in general. Nov 08, 2020 there are six main types of documentary genres. Documentaries can be split into six different forms. Quotes she said that all types of documentary have existed at different times. In this post, we are classifying them by their purpose. Documentary analysis is a popular method in a wide range of social sciences, as well as the arts. The poetic mode sacrifices the conventions of continui ty editing and the sense of a very specific location in time and place that follows from it to explore associations and patterns that involve temporal rhythms and spatial. Bill nichols, introduction to documentary, 2nd edition, bloomington.
Nichols first introduced four modes in representing reality. Often adopts the visual language of fictional film intended to articulate continuous. Aside from ethnographic research and surveys, documentary research is one of the major types of research that researchers use in social sciences. The store on their website includes four types of screening licenses that come with or without additional promotional materials priced.
The poetic modeas we saw in chapter 4, poetic documentary shares a common terrain with the modernist avant. Documentary research method refers to the analysis of documents that contains information about the phenomenon we wish to study bailey 1994. Pdf document analysis as a qualitative research method. Each of the four sources is marked by a uniform style, certain preferences of vocabulary and theme, and its own chronological framework. A dvd documentary is a documentary film of indeterminate length that has been produced with the sole intent of releasing it for direct sale to the public on dvds, as different from a documentary being made and released first on television or on a cinema screen a. This process has and does work with many types of films. It can be used as a research method in history, looking at archives of soldiers diaries, for example. Bill nichols has characterised the documentary in terms of a filmmaking practice, a cinematic tradition, and mode of audience reception that remains a practice without clear boundaries. Scrapbooks and photo albums can also furnish documentary material for research purposes. Fundamental documentary perspectives include modes of representation images, diaries, publications, sound recordings, monuments and memorials, etc. The rule of thirds is a technique of dividing the frame up into a 3x3 grid, splitting. A guide to the 5 types of documentary films fdm video.
The wikipedia defines documentary as a non fictional motion picture with the purpose of documenting some aspects of reality, intended to maintain a historical record. Capturing the spontaneity and uninhibited flow of life and events as they happen. Most history day students use videoediting software to create a 10minute documentary, much like professional documentary. For film and video professionals looking to work in documentary filmmaking, its important to understand a bit of its history, as well as the different documentary types. The documentary film genre is an important part of cinematic history. Enabled a different approach to the subject matter and the. Typically address the spectators directly through an onscreen. It is the unresolved clashes between the four, mutually incompatible presentations that make the pentateuch so bewildering to the casual reader. Normally, the topic of this type of documentary involve the people present in it. Documentary adds a new dimension to popular memory and social history. This film was very informative to its audience and even though it may at some point have seemed like a lecture in my opinion it was one geared to educate and inform the audience. Does not use continuity editing, sacrifices sense of the very specific location and place that continuity creates. Since poetic documentaries often have little or no narrative content, the director of photography is often asked to capture highly composed, visually striking images that can tell a story without additional verbal context. Documentary as genre absence of fictionalizing elements film which through certain conventions creates the illusion that the events depicted were not controlled by the filmmakers.
There are two basic types for documentaries that will satisfy the requirements for a history day documentary. Non documentary sources mainly includes human resources, referral system, institutional sources and mass media. A documentary film is a nonfictional motionpicture intended to document reality, primarily for the purposes of instruction, education, or maintaining a historical record. Expository documentaries are the closest relatable to the term documentaries. The following has been inspired by bill nichols books introduction to documentary 2001 and representing reality 1991. Modes of representation are basic ways of organizing texts in relation to certain recurrent features or conventions. They are commercial, export import, transferable and nontransferable, revocable and irrevocable, standby, confirmed, and unconfirmed, revolving, back to back, red clause, green clause, sight, deferred payment, and direct pay lc. Four types of documentary collection 1 documents against. The film was moana and what grierson regarded as documentary value was its. The bond between documentary and the historical world is deep and profound.
1095 1484 1452 560 484 1138 66 156 1400 201 716 1299 1263 129 276 1529 11 913 576 1268 1353 271 534